What is a septic design?

In the sprawling landscapes of rural Alberta, managing wastewater is a fundamental responsibility for property owners. As we explore the significance of septic designs in this context, it's crucial to understand their distinct role in the installation and repair processes, as well as their connection to permitting requirements. 

How is a septic system designed?

The design process is based on the 2021 Alberta Private Sewage Systems Standard of Practice and considers factors specific to the home being built. In Alberta, these are the main factors that influence the system design:

· Soil Quality: The ability of the site soils to accept and treat effluent or sewage is crucial. Heavy clay soils do not not perform well, whereas sandy soils typically offer better treatment capabilities.

· Lot Size: Larger lots generally provide more flexibility in system design and placement.

· Occupancy: The number of occupants in the house directly impacts the size of the septic system needed. More people generate more sewage, requiring a larger system. The total potential occupancy must be considered when sizing a system.

Considering potential occupancy can be contentious for those building large houses with light occupancy. However, regulations mandate this consideration because future owners may increase occupancy to the house’s full capacity, thus requiring a proportionately large septic system.

Two simple strategies to reduce septic system size requirements when designing a house include eliminating garburators and ensuring that systems like iron filters, water softeners, and reverse osmosis filters drain into the weeping tile rather than the septic system. These measures help reduce the system’s size and complexity.

Do I need a septic design in Alberta?

For property owners embarking on new construction or installing a septic system for the first time, obtaining a septic design is a critical first step. These comprehensive plans, guided by the Alberta Private Sewage Systems Standard of Practice, outline the layout, components, and specifications necessary for an effective on-site wastewater treatment system. This design forms the foundation upon which your wastewater treatment system will be built. While the installer is responsible for pulling the permit, the design serves as the basis and bulk of the permit application. Without a conforming design, a permit cannot be issued. 

Do I need a design if I have an old septic system?

In contrast with new system installations, when facing issues with an existing septic system, such as broken pipes or malfunctioning components, a design is not typically necessary. In these cases, the focus is on restoring the functionality of the existing system rather than redesigning it from scratch. However, engaging qualified professionals for repairs remains essential to ensure compliance with regulations and the effective operation of the system.

Why do I need a septic design to get a permit?

While the installer is responsible for pulling permits, the design document plays a pivotal role in the permitting process. As mentioned earlier, a permit cannot be issued without a conforming design. Therefore, property owners must ensure that the design meets regulatory requirements and includes all necessary details for permit approval. Working closely with both the designer and the installer can streamline the permitting process and ensure timely approval for your septic system installation or expansion.

When should I hire a septic designer?

If you're considering building a new house or making an addition to an existing home, it's best to engage a septic designer as early as possible in the process. Here's why:

· Septic systems must be installed on undisturbed soil. If you dig your foundation first and then regrade your yard later, you may significantly reduce the available area for your septic system. This could lead to higher costs or even being limited to a holding tank. Engaging a designer early allows you to identify and protect the portion of the lot needed for your future system installation or expansion.

· Knowing the location of your septic system is essential for future landscaping plans. Defining this area early in the build process eliminates the risk of delays or rework later on.

· Your builder will need to know where to stub out the sewage line coming from your home. Identifying future tank and field locations early allows your builder to proceed with their scope without delays.

· Planning the overall layout before construction begins can lead to efficiencies. For example, using a single excavation contractor for both your foundation and septic system can result in substantial cost savings.

Engaging a septic designer early in the process creates efficiencies and maximizes cost savings. Since a septic designer will be required at some point in the build process anyway, it's better to involve them early on to streamline the project.

Can I do my own septic design?

In Alberta, only certified Private Sewage Installers can submit septic designs for homeowners. These professionals undergo training to meet regulatory standards and account for environmental considerations. It's crucial to treat septic design and installation as separate engagements, even if the same company handles both services. Just like building a house, where architects don't typically do the actual building of the structure they conceive, designers and installers have different skill sets (even if, on paper, they share the same designation). Once a design is complete, homeowners should receive a detailed document that any qualified installer can follow. To ensure quality work, homeowners should hire a certified septic designer for the design, then choose an installer based on the completed design, rather than committing both scopes to a single company before the design is complete. This approach guarantees a septic system that meets regulatory requirements and the homeowner’s needs, while ensuring they are getting the best option for both aspects of the project.

Who does the septic design?

Understanding the relationship between septic designs, installation, and permitting requirements empowers property owners to navigate the process with confidence. By prioritizing proper planning and compliance with regulatory standards, you can ensure the safe and efficient operation of your septic system for years to come. If you're in Foothills County, Rocky View, or Bighorn, trust Foothills Septic for your septic design needs. Our certified professionals have the expertise to create designs that meet regulatory standards, while fitting into your vision and budget.